Q&A About Epilepsy
Am I seeing the right kind of doctor?
While most general care doctors can diagnose epilepsy, epilepsy specialists like neurologist and epileptologists are the best choice when you need treatment. If you are not seeing a neurologist or epileptologist, you can find one here.
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What is a seizure?
A seizure is the result of changes in the normal electrical activity in the brain. This causes different symptoms, depending on the location of the seizure and how it spreads. It can last a few seconds or several minutes. There are many types of seizures, with symptoms ranging from rapid blinking and staring (a partial-onset seizure) to losing consciousness, falling to the ground, and jerking of the muscles (a tonic-clonic, or grand mal, seizure).
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What is epilepsy?
People with epilepsy experience repeated seizures. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 2.7 million people in the United States are affected by epilepsy. A person is only diagnosed with epilepsy after he or she has experienced two or more seizures that can’t be explained by other medical conditions like fever or withdrawal.
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What is the difference between seizures and epilepsy?
Seizures are a symptom of epilepsy. Having a single seizure does not necessarily mean a person has epilepsy.
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How is epilepsy treated?
Everyone’s epilepsy is different, so the best treatment depends on the individual being treated. One thing that doesn’t vary is the ultimate goal of epilepsy treatment: maximum seizure control. The most common treatment is medicine. Because epileptic seizures respond to drug treatment, successful management of epilepsy depends on early and consistent treatment. Your neurologist may prescribe one or many medicines to find the best treatment option for you. Read more about epilepsy treatment.
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How will my epilepsy affect me?
Your epilepsy is as individual as you are. For some people, it’s a childhood condition that might be outgrown. For some others, epilepsy may have a significant effect throughout their lives. Seizures may restrict driving, working, and social opportunities and also affect self-esteem. But remember, you can change how epilepsy affects you. With the right epilepsy treatment, you can expect to live your life as you choose.
Most people’s epileptic seizures can be controlled. Some people end their seizures with the first medicine they try. Others will need to partner with their neurologist or epileptologist to find the right dosage and combination of medicines. Epilepsy medicines are helpful for many people, while some will need to have the specific source of their seizures surgically removed.
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How can I better manage my epilepsy?
The more you take control, the better you can help manage your epilepsy.
- Understand your epilepsy, including your seizure type.
- If you’re not achieving seizure control with your current medicine, make sure to talk to your neurologist or epileptologist about all available treatment options.
- Fill out a medical history and seizure calendar, so you can become involved in your medical care.
- Learn how to communicate well with your doctor and his or her staff.
- Bring your epilepsy medicines to each neurologist visit.
- Take your epilepsy medicine regularly. Linking this to a routine may be helpful (when you brush your teeth, prepare for bed, etc). There are also devices that can help—like a watch that beeps when your dose is due.
- Get enough sleep—lack of it can bring on epileptic seizures.
- Keep following up with your doctor. If you are having seizures or are having difficulty with side effects, you may need to change your epilepsy medicine or dose.
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What epilepsy research is being done?
Scientists continue to develop new and better epilepsy medicines. They study how the chemicals that carry impulses from one brain cell to another interact with cells that control nerve activity. Researchers are also working to identify genes that may influence epilepsy. This information could allow doctors to prevent epilepsy or to predict which treatments will work best. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and other brain scans are also being improved for even better, more accurate epilepsy diagnosis.
Remember that current epilepsy treatment options offer the possibility of seizure control for most people. Be sure to talk to your doctor about available treatments.
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